# PST Email Extractor

A command-line tool that scans a directory for Outlook PST files and extracts the metadata of every email — subject, sender, recipients, date, size, attachments count, and message class — into individual CSV files.

---

## Table of Contents

1. [Features](#features)
2. [Requirements](#requirements)
3. [Installation](#installation)
4. [Usage](#usage)
5. [Output Format](#output-format)
6. [How It Works](#how-it-works)
7. [Performance Notes](#performance-notes)
8. [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
9. [Platform-specific pypff Installation](#platform-specific-pypff-installation)
10. [Project Structure](#project-structure)
11. [FAQ](#faq)

---

## Features

- **Batch processing** – drop any number of `.pst` files in a folder and run once
- **Resilient extraction** – corrupt messages are skipped gracefully; processing continues
- **Rich metadata** – exports 8 fields per message including attachment count and message class
- **Progress bars** – real-time per-file progress via `tqdm`
- **UTF-8 output** – fully compatible with Excel, Google Sheets, and any modern CSV tool
- **Iterative folder traversal** – avoids Python recursion limits on deeply nested PST archives
- **Human-friendly summaries** – per-run statistics on success / failure counts

---

## Requirements

| Dependency | Version | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Python | ≥ 3.8 | Runtime |
| `tqdm` | ≥ 4.66 | Progress bars |
| `pypff` / `libpff-python` | any | PST file reading |

> **Note:** `pypff` wraps the native C library **libpff**. Installation varies by platform — see [Platform-specific pypff Installation](#platform-specific-pypff-installation).

---

## Installation

### Step 1 – Clone or download the project

Place `Extract.py` and `install_dependencies.py` in the same directory.

### Step 2 – Run the dependency installer

```bash
python install_dependencies.py
```

This script will:

1. Upgrade `pip`, `setuptools`, and `wheel`.
2. Install `tqdm` via pip.
3. Attempt to install `libpff-python` / `pypff` via pip.
4. Print platform-specific instructions if the automatic install fails.

### Step 3 – Verify

```bash
python -c "import pypff; import tqdm; print('All good!')"
```

---

## Usage

### Basic usage (process PST files in the script's own directory)

```bash
python Extract.py
```

### Specify a directory

```bash
python Extract.py /path/to/pst/folder
```

```powershell
# Windows PowerShell
python Extract.py "C:\Users\You\Desktop\PST_Files"
```

### Example output

```
📂  Working directory: /data/pst_files

================================================================================
🔍  SEARCHING FOR PST FILES
================================================================================
✓   Found 3 PST file(s)

📁  PST Files:
    1. archive_2021.pst  (1,204.3 MB)
    2. archive_2022.pst  (876.1 MB)
    3. personal.pst      (312.7 MB)

================================================================================
🚀  PROCESSING
================================================================================

────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
📊  1/3  |  ✓ Done: 0  |  ❌ Failed: 0  |  ⏳ Remaining: 2
🔄  archive_2021.pst
  📊 Counting messages in archive_2021.pst …
  ✓  42,817 messages found
  Processing archive_2021.pst: 100%|████████| 42817/42817 [02:14<00:00]
  ✓  Written 42,817 rows  |  Errors skipped: 3
  ✅  Saved → archive_2021_email_list.csv  (42,817 rows)
```

---

## Output Format

For each input file `<name>.pst`, a corresponding `<name>_email_list.csv` is created in the **same directory**.

### CSV columns

| Column | Description | Max Length |
|---|---|---|
| `Folder` | Full folder path inside the PST (e.g. `Inbox\Projects\2022`) | 200 chars |
| `Subject` | Email subject line | 500 chars |
| `From` | Sender name and/or email address | 200 chars |
| `To` | Semicolon-separated recipient list | 1000 chars |
| `Date` | Delivery or submit time in `YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS UTC` | — |
| `Size` | Estimated message size in bytes (sum of body and headers) | — |
| `Attachments` | Number of attachments | — |
| `MessageClass` | MAPI message class (e.g. `IPM.Note`, `IPM.Appointment`) | 100 chars |

### Example rows

```csv
Folder,Subject,From,To,Date,Size,Attachments,MessageClass
Inbox,Q3 Budget Review,Alice Smith <alice@example.com>,bob@example.com,2023-09-01 14:22:10 UTC,18432,2,IPM.Note
Sent Items,Re: Proposal,Bob Jones <bob@example.com>,alice@example.com,2023-09-02 09:05:44 UTC,4210,0,IPM.Note
Calendar,,Alice Smith <alice@example.com>,,2023-10-10 09:00:00 UTC,1024,0,IPM.Appointment
```

---

## How It Works

1. **Discovery** – `find_pst_files()` uses `glob` to locate all `.pst` files in the given directory.
2. **Counting** – Before extraction, `count_total_messages()` recursively counts all messages so `tqdm` can show an accurate progress bar.
3. **Traversal** – `process_folder()` uses an **iterative stack** (not Python recursion) to walk the full folder tree, guarding against deep nesting and corrupt nodes.
4. **Extraction** – `extract_email_info()` wraps every individual attribute access in a `try/except` so one corrupt property never aborts the whole message.
5. **Writing** – Results are streamed directly to a UTF-8 CSV file via `csv.writer`, keeping memory usage flat regardless of PST size.
6. **Error recovery** – Failed messages are counted and reported in the summary but do not interrupt processing.

---

## Performance Notes

- **Memory** – The extractor streams rows directly to disk, so even a 50 GB PST file won't exhaust RAM.
- **Speed** – Processing speed depends on your disk I/O. SSDs can process ~5,000–15,000 messages/min; spinning disks are 3–5× slower.
- **Large recipient lists** – Recipient lists are capped at 100 entries and 1,000 characters to avoid giant rows.
- **Iterative traversal** – The folder walker uses an explicit stack instead of recursion, making it safe for PST archives with hundreds of nested folders.

---

## Troubleshooting

### `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pypff'`

Run `python install_dependencies.py`. If the automatic install fails, see [Platform-specific pypff Installation](#platform-specific-pypff-installation).

### `Failed to open PST file`

- The file may be in use by Outlook. Close Outlook completely and try again.
- The file may be corrupted. Try running the Outlook Inbox Repair Tool (`scanpst.exe` on Windows).

### Progress bar reaches 100% but fewer rows are written than expected

This is normal. Some items in a PST folder hierarchy are not email messages (calendar events, contacts, tasks). They are counted in the total but may fail extraction silently. The `Errors skipped` count in the summary reflects this.

### CSV opens with garbled characters in Excel

The CSV is UTF-8. In Excel, use **Data → From Text/CSV** and choose **UTF-8** encoding, or open via `File → Open` and select the encoding in the import wizard.

### Very slow processing on large PST files

Ensure the PST file is on a local drive, not a network share or cloud-synced folder. Network latency multiplies enormously across hundreds of thousands of small reads.

---

## Platform-specific pypff Installation

### Linux (Debian / Ubuntu)

```bash
sudo apt-get install python3-libpff
# or
pip install libpff-python
```

### Linux (Fedora / RHEL)

```bash
sudo dnf install libpff-devel python3-libpff
```

### macOS (Homebrew)

```bash
brew install libpff
pip install libpff-python
```

### Windows

Automatic pip installation may fail because libpff requires compilation.

**Option 1 – Pre-built wheel** (if available for your Python version):

```powershell
pip install libpff-python
```

**Option 2 – Build from source** – follow the official guide:
https://github.com/libyal/libpff/blob/main/documentation/Building.md

**Option 3 – WSL (recommended)** – Install Windows Subsystem for Linux, then follow the Ubuntu steps above. This is the easiest path for most Windows users.

---

## Project Structure

```
.
├── Extract.py               # Main extractor – run this
├── install_dependencies.py  # One-time dependency installer
└── README.md                # This file
```

Outputs are placed alongside the input PST files:

```
/your/pst/folder/
├── archive_2021.pst
├── archive_2021_email_list.csv   ← generated
├── archive_2022.pst
└── archive_2022_email_list.csv   ← generated
```

---

## FAQ

**Does the tool modify the PST files?**
No. PST files are opened read-only. The tool never writes to them.

**Can I run it on a single PST file instead of a whole directory?**
Put the PST file in its own folder and pass that folder path. Alternatively, the function `export_pst_to_csv(pst_path, output_csv_path)` can be imported and called directly from your own script.

**What happens if I run it twice on the same directory?**
Existing CSV files are overwritten without warning. If you want to preserve previous results, move or rename them first.

**Does it export email bodies or attachments?**
No — only metadata is exported. This keeps the output small and avoids legal / privacy issues associated with exporting full message content.

**What message types are included?**
All MAPI message objects found in the PST: emails (`IPM.Note`), meeting requests (`IPM.Schedule.*`), appointments (`IPM.Appointment`), contacts (`IPM.Contact`), tasks (`IPM.Task`), etc. The `MessageClass` column lets you filter by type in your spreadsheet.

**Will it work with OST files?**
libpff has partial OST support. Rename the file to `.pst` and try — results may vary depending on the OST version and whether the file is currently synced.

---

*For bug reports and feature requests, open an issue in your project repository.*